Saqqara Area

Saqqara is a vast ancient burial ground located approximately 30 kilometers (19 miles) south of Cairo, Egypt. Serving as the necropolis for the ancient capital city of Memphis, Saqqara is renowned for its rich collection of tombs, pyramids, and funerary complexes that span over 3,000 years of Egyptian history.

• Step Pyramid of Djoser: Designed by the architect Imhotep for Pharaoh Djoser during the Third Dynasty (circa 2650 BCE), this pyramid is considered the world’s oldest large-scale stone structure. Its unique stepped design marks a significant evolution in ancient Egyptian architectural practices. ​

• Mastaba Tombs: Saqqara houses numerous mastabas—rectangular, flat-roofed tombs with sloping sides—belonging to early dynastic nobility and officials. These structures provide valuable insights into the burial customs and art of ancient Egypt. ​

• Serapeum: This subterranean complex served as the burial site for the sacred Apis bulls, which were revered in ancient Egyptian religion. The Serapeum underscores the religious significance of animal worship in Egyptian culture.

• Recent Archaeological Discoveries: Saqqara continues to be a focal point for archaeological research. In recent years, excavations have unveiled “megatombs” containing hundreds of coffins, mummies, and artifacts, shedding light on periods of cultural revival in ancient Egypt.